Mapping Dynamics of Humanitarian Assistance in a Changing Environment

Rising rates of violence and economic uncertainty in northern Central America have resulted in mass migration and displacement of people from Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvador. The rise of displaced people traveling to Mexico and the United States, in combination with limited protection and legal support for migrants, and increasingly restrictive migration policies, has resulted in a humanitarian crisis in the region. This complex and evolving reality has been further complicated by the COVID-19 pandemic and climate disasters in Central America.  

Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) operates throughout Mexico providing medical consultations and mental health services to people on the move. However, due to the dynamic nature of the humanitarian crisis, it can be difficult to assess and meet the needs of this population. To support MSF’s work, the Capstone team assessed the evolving service, situational, and policy landscapes surrounding migration from Central America to Mexico and the U.S. The mixed-methods research consisted of a literature review, semi-structured interviews with service providers and experts (n=35), a service provider survey (n=55), and secondary analysis of existing data sets. 

The team’s report described the role of albergues and direct service providers, including key challenges they experience in meeting migrants’ needs. It also examined instances of violence and vulnerable populations throughout the migratory process. Recommendations highlighted how humanitarian actors in Mexico can better meet migrants’ needs, including ensuring culturally competent and trauma informed delivery of aid, strengthening collaboration with local actors, and promoting continuity of care for people on the move.