Biological diversity has shown a strong decrease, with drivers including habitat change, climate change, invasive species, over-exploitation, and pollution. As a response to this dangerous trend, the Convention of Biological Diversity has been developed, the first global treaty to explicitly take a comprehensive ecosystem-based approach. It is a multi-lateral, voluntary agreement that allows each party to implement its own provisions according to guidelines. The convention has three main objectives, which include preserving biological diversity as essential to the future of the earth and its ecosystem services, promoting sustainable use of biological resources, and ensuring the equal distribution of genetic resources. Looking at the scientific evidence behind this convention, this team explored how biological diversity leads to ecosystem function, and functional diversity equals ecosystem function. They noted that while decreasing loss of biological diversity is a global challenge, through international cooperation there are solutions that will work.